Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research

Original Research Article | OPEN ACCESS

Baphia nitida ethanol leaf extract restores haematological and biochemical status in Plasmodium berghei-passaged rats

Chinelo Chinenye Nkwocha , Florence Obiageli Nduka, Christian Eze, Chisom Ogbuonye, Chidimma Azi, Helen Agbatai, Nkemakolam Nwafor

Department of Biochemistry, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria;

For correspondence:- Chinelo Nkwocha Email: austinelonwa@gmail.com Tel:+2348063482535

Accepted: 16 December 2023 Published: 31 March 2024

Citation: Nkwocha CC, Nduka FO, Eze C, Ogbuonye C, Azi C, Agbatai H, et al. Baphia nitida ethanol leaf extract restores haematological and biochemical status in Plasmodium berghei-passaged rats. Trop J Pharm Res 2024; 23(3):509-515 doi: 10.4314/tjpr.v23i3.4

© 2024 The authors.
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Abstract

Purpose: To investigate the effect of Baphia nitida ethanol leaf extract (BNELE) on heamatological and biochemical indices in Plasmodium berghei-infected mice.

Methods: A total of thirty (30) male mice were divided into 6 groups comprising of 5 mice each. Group 1 was normal control, group 2 positive control, group 3 standard group while groups 4 - 6 received 200, 400 and 600 mg/kg of BNELE, respectively. Phytochemical analysis and antimalaria effect of BNELE were investigated using standard methods. Biochemical and haematological parameters of Plasmodium berghei - infected mice given various BNELE dosages were measured using standard techniques.

Results: At increasing doses (200, 400, and 600 mg/kg), BNELE produced 63.16, 39.50 and 52.86 % inhibition of parasitemia in P. berghei-passaged mice, respectively, comparable to 43.75 % by 80 mg/kg artemether, a first-line anti-malarial medication. There was significant increase in red blood cell (RBC), packed cell volume (PCV), white blood cell (WBC) and hemoglobulin (HB) in mice administered varying doses of BNELE compared with those in group 2 (p < 0.05).

Conclusion: Baphia nitida ethanol leaf extract possesses antiplasmodial properties and aids the restoration of normal haematological and biochemical states in P. berghei-infected mice. However, further and more extensive in vivo studies to ascertain it full antimalarial potentials.

Keywords: Antimalarial, Baphia nitida, Haematological indices, Biochemical parameters, Lipid profile